Aplikasi Surfaktan Alami berbasis Tumbuhan dalam Industri Kosmetik
Abstract View: 6,
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32665/faskes.v4i1.6473Keywords:
Surfaktan alami, kosmetik, saponin, keberlanjutanAbstract
Latar belakang: Surfaktan merupakan komponen penting dalam formulasi
kosmetik. Namun, penggunaan surfaktan sintetis yang masif mulai menimbulkan
masalah bagi kesehatan dan lingkungan. Kesadaran masyarakat akan keberlanjutan
juga turut mengakibatkan pergeseran penggunaan bahan alam. Maka dari itu,
surfaktan alami berbasis tumbuhan menjadi alternatif yang lebih aman dan ramah
lingkungan. Tujuan: Mengkaji perkembangan, karakteristik, dan aplikasi surfaktan
alami berbasis tumbuhan dalam industri kosmetik. Metode: Penelitian dilakukan
melalui systematic literature review terhadap artikel tahun 2016–2026 dari database
Google Scholar, PubMed, ScienceDirect, SpringerLink, dan SINTA. Hasil:
Saponin dan fosfolipid (lesitin) merupakan surfaktan utama dengan kemampuan
menurunkan tegangan permukaan, meningkatkan emulsifikasi, dan menghasilkan
busa stabil yang setara dengan surfaktan sintetis. Surfaktan ini telah banyak
digunakan dalam berbagai sediaan kosmetik meliputi shampo, sabun, krim, atau
pun emulsi. Pemanfaatan surfaktan alami dalam berbagai novel delivery system
seperti liposom atau pun nanoemulsi memberikan peluang yang besar dalam
perkembangannya. Simpulan dan saran: Surfaktan alami berbasis tumbuhan
berpotensi sebagai alternatif berkelanjutan dalam kosmetik, dengan tantangan pada
konsistensi bahan baku dan stabilitas formulasi.
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