Pe Penerapan Model Problem-based learning (PBL) untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Siswa pada Materi Bagian-bagian Tumbuhan

Yasir Rizqa; M. Danil; Nadia Aldyza

doi:10.32665/jurmia.v5i1.3638

Authors

Yasir Rizqa Universitas Almuslim, Bireuen
M. Danil Universitas Almuslim
Nadia Aldyza Universitas Almuslim

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.32665/jurmia.v5i1.3638

Keywords:

Kemampuan berpikir kritis, Problem Based Learning, Model Pembelajaran, Pendidikan Dasar

Abstract

People should be able to think critically about what they read and see, especially when it comes to AI and he rapid advancement of science and technology, particularly artificial intelligence, has raised concerns as humans are not always capable of critical thinking. To keep up with the changing times, individuals must be able to think critically. This study is a quantitative research that aims to analyze the effectiveness of the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model in helping students develop critical thinking skills. Students from UPTD SD Negeri 3 Simpang Mamplam participated in pre-tests and post-tests as part of the quantitative learning plan. Before and after the implementation of PBL in the plant parts material, critical thinking skill tests were used to collect data. The results showed that students’ critical thinking skills improved significantly, from an average score of 49.30% on the pre-test to 85% on the post-test. PBL learning steps, such as problem formulation, research, and review, were proven to enhance students' interest in learning. The PBL approach addresses the shortcomings of traditional teaching methods and allows students to think more freely, rationally, and critically. In conclusion, PBL is an effective method for helping students develop critical thinking skills.

References

Abidin, Y. (2023). Model Pembelajaran dalam Konteks Kurikulum Merdeka. PT Refika Aditama.

Abraham, I., & Supriyati, Y. (2022). Desain Kuasi Eksperimen Dalam Pendidikan: Literatur Review. Jurnal Ilmiah Mandala Education, 8(3), 2476–2482. https://doi.org/10.58258/jime.v8i3.3800

Adnin, I., Sapriya, S., Nuriyani, R., & ... (2023). Analisis Implikasi Penerapan Pembelajaran Berdiferensiasi Terhadap Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Peserta Didik Pada Pembelajaran PKn. …, 18(2), 304–314. https://doi.org/10.29408/edc.v18i2.24310

Alwan, M. (2022). Strategi Membangun Kemampuan Critical Thinking Pada Generasi Digital. Jurnal al Muta’aliyah: Pendidikan Guru Madrasah Ibtidaiyah, 2(2). https://doi.org/10.51700/almutaliyah.v2i2.354

Andini, V., & Warni, A. (2019). Analisis Tingkat Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Matematis Siswa SMP Kelas VIII Pada Materi Relasi dan Fungsi. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Matematika Dan Pendidikan Matematika Sesiomadika 2019.

Atho’illah, I., Kartono, K., & Masrukan, M. (2022). Literasi Matematika Berdasarkan Self Efficacy dengan Model Flipped Classroom Menggunakan Asesmen Dinamis. Prisma, 11(1), 42. https://doi.org/10.35194/jp.v11i1.2153

Azzarah, N., Siregar, H., Nurjannah, N., & Sutarini, S. (2024). Penerapan Model Problem Based Learning (PBL) untuk Meningkatkan Motivasi Belajar Siswa Kelas V SD Negeri 060925 Medan Amplas. Jurnal Pendidikan Tambusai, 8(3), 50108–50114.

Chrestella, D., Haka, N. B., & Supriyadi, S. (2021). Analisis Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis dan Self Regulation Peserta Didik melalui Pembelajaran Menggunakan Model Multipel Representasi. Bio Educatio, 6(1), 27–43. https://www.neliti.com/publications/377794/analisis-kemampuan-berpikir-kritis-dan-self-regulation-peserta-didik-melalui-pem

Ennis, R. H. (2023). Critical Thinking Across the Curriculum: A Vision. Topoi, 37(1). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11245-016-9401-4

Habibah, F. N., Setiadi, D., Bahri, S., & Jamaluddin, J. (2022). Pengaruh Model Problem Based Learning berbasis Blended Learning terhadap Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis Peserta Didik Kelas XI di SMAN 2 Mataram. Jurnal Ilmiah Profesi Pendidikan, 7(2b), 686–692. https://doi.org/10.29303/jipp.v7i2b.603

Huda, M. (2024). Model-Model Pengajaran dan Pembelajaran: Isu-Isu Metodis dan Paradigmatis. Pustaka Pelajar.

Kasmantoro, H., Patonah, S., & Maryati, M. (2024). Efektivitas Model Problem Based Learning terhadap Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Matematika Materi Pecahan Fase A. ANARGYA: Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Matematika, 7(1), 24–31. https://doi.org/10.24176/anargya.v7i1.12343

Kemdikbud. (2020). Hasil Ujian Nasional Tahun Pelajaran 2019/2020. Kemdikbud.

Khomsiah, K., Hidayah, F., Aniati, A., & Hasan Baharun. (2024). Active Learning as a Solution to Student Burnout in Islamic Religious Education: Views from Madrasah. Jurnal Riset Madrasah Ibtidaiyah, 4(2), 130–145. https://doi.org/10.32665/jurmia.v4i2.3212

Kurniasih, I., & Sani, B. (2024). Ragam Pengembangan Model Pembelajaran untuk Peningkatan Profesionalitas Guru. Kata Pena.

Li, Z., & Sihes, A. J. Bin. (2022). Implementation of Problem-based Learning in Reading among Primary School English Teachers in Neijiang City, Sichuan Province, China. Journal of Curriculum and Teaching, 11(8), 30–42. https://doi.org/10.5430/jct.v11n8p30

Muliawan, P. (2024). Analisis Penerapan Kurikulum Merdeka Dalam Pengajaran Bahasa Indonesia : Tinjauan Literatur Terhadap Isu Dan Tantangan Terkini. JICN: Jurnal Intelek Dan Cendikiawan Nusantara, 1(5), 7932–7942.

Muqowin, & Z, I. (2020). Pengembangan Kreativitas dan Berpikir Kritis Pada Anak Usia Dini melalui Metode Pembelajaran Berbasis STEAM and Loose Parts. YINYANG. Jurnal Studi Islam, Gender, Dan Anak, 15(2). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.24090/yinyang.v15i2.3917

Novita, N., Hodijah, S. R. N., & Taufik, A. N. (2022). Pengembangan LKPD Berbasis Pendekatan Contextual Teaching Learning untuk Membangun Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Peserta Didik pada Tema Global Warming. PENDIPA Journal of Science Education, 6(1), 278–284.

Nugroho, J., & Hamonangan Ismail, D. (2024). Critical Thinking Skills Building Strategies for Generation Alpha Z. Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Administrasi, 7(1), 46–55. https://doi.org/10.31334/transparansi/

Nurdiansyah, & Fahyuni, E. F. (2024). Inovasi Model Pembelajaran Sesuai Kurikulum Merdeka. Nizamia Learning Center.

Nurwiyanti, D. A., Wuryandini, E., Listyarini, I., & Wahyuni, T. (2023). Analisis Model Problem Based Learning terhadap Materi Pengkristalan dengan Media Konkret. Jurnal Pendidikan Tambusai, 7(3), 21207–21214.

Quang, D. Le. (2024). Developing Critical Thinking through Problem- Based Learning Approach : An Empirical Study among Interdisciplinary Students. International Journal of Novel Research and Development, 9(6), 45–52.

Rahayu, I. (2023). Peranan Guru dalam Mengonstruksi Karakter Islami Siswa Melalui Metode Pembelajaran Berbasis Masalah di Madrasah Aliyah Negeri Majene. Journal on Education, 06(01), 8290–8305.

Rusman. (2024). Model-Model Pembelajaran: Mengembangkan Profesionalisme Guru (2nd ed.). Rajawali Pers.

Sagala, S. (2023). Konsep dan Makna Pembelajaran untuk Membantu Memecahkan Problematika Belajar dan Mengajar. Alfabeta.

Sani, R. A. (2023). Pembelajaran Berbasis HOTS (Higher Order Thinking Skills). Bumi Aksara.

Sari, I. N., Ardianti, S. D., & Khamdun. (2023). Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning Berbantuan Media PSA (Panggung Siklus Air) Terhadap Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Siswa. Attadrib: Jurnal Pendidikan Guru Madrasah Ibtidaiyah, 6(2), 302–310. https://doi.org/10.54069/attadrib.v6i2.539

Shoimin, A. (2023). 68 Model Pembelajaran Inovatif dalam Kurikulum Merdeka. Ar-Ruzz Media.

Sriliani, V. L. (2022). Analisis Muatan Berpikir Kritis pada Buku Siswa Tema 2 Selalu Berhemat Energi Kelas IV Sekolah Dasar. Edu Cendikia: Jurnal Ilmiah Kependidikan, 2(01), 179–195. https://doi.org/10.47709/educendikia.v2i01.1550

Sugiyono. (2018). Metode Penelitian Kualitatif Kuantitatif dan R &D (Sugiono, Ed.; 2nd ed.). Alfabeta.

Suttrisno. (2025). Pengembangan instrumen Evaluasi Higher Order Thinking Skills Berbasis Etnosains pada Pembelajaran IPAS Kurikulum Merdeka. JIIP - Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Pendidikan, 8(2), 2119–2126. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.54371/jiip.v8i2.7118

Syamsurijal, S., Sabilah, B. M., Yusuf, M., & Samnawati, S. (2022). Studi Analisis Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning dalam Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa di Sekolah Dasar. Edukatif : Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan, 4(6), 7516–7525. https://doi.org/10.31004/edukatif.v4i6.4040

Syarifuddin, A. (2023). Pengembangan Pembelajaran Matematika SD: Model dan Strategi. Prenada Media.

Warsono, & Hariyanto. (2024). Pembelajaran Aktif: Teori dan Asesmen. PT Remaja Rosdakarya.

Wulandari, A. P., Salsabila, A. A., Cahyani, K., Nurazizah, T. S., & Ulfiah, Z. (2023). Pentingnya Media Pembelajaran dalam Proses Belajar Mengajar. Journal on Education, 5(2), 3928–3936. https://doi.org/10.31004/joe.v5i2.1074

Youssef, E., Medhat, M., Abdellatif, S., & Al Malek, M. (2024). Examining the effect of ChatGPT usage on students’ academic learning and achievement: A survey-based study in Ajman, UAE. Computers and Education: Artificial Intelligence, 7(October), 100316. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.caeai.2024.100316

Zakaria, Sukomardojo, T., Sugiyem, Razali, G., & Iskandar. (2023). Menyiapkan Siswa untuk Karir Masa Depan Melalui Pendidikan Berbasis Teknologi : Meninjau Peran Penting Kecerdasan Buatan. Journal on Education, 5(04), 14141–14155.

Zubaidah, S. (2023). Mengenal 4c: Learning And Innovation Skills Untuk Menghadapi Era Revolusi Industri 4.0. Prosiding Seminar Science Education National Conference, 13(2).