Effectiveness of Design Thinking-Based Project-Based Learning Model on Senior High School Students’ Numeracy Skills

Abstract View: 18,
Download: 8

Authors

  • Rizqiya A'izzatul Khusniyah Universitas PGRI Semarang
  • Ida Dwijayanti Universitas PGRI Semarang
  • Aryo Andri Nugroho Universitas PGRI Semarang

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.32665/james.v9i1.6358

Keywords:

design thinking, mathematics learning, numeracy skills, project-based learning, senior high school students.

Abstract

This study aims to examine the effect of Project-Based Learning integrated with a Design Thinking approach on senior high school students’ numeracy skills in statistics. Although Project-Based Learning has been widely studied in mathematics education, most studies focus on general outcomes such as problem-solving, while research specifically addressing numeracy skills in statistics and its integration with Design Thinking remains limited. This study employed a quasi-experimental design using a posttest-only control group involving experimental and control classes. The sample consisted of eleventh-grade students selected through a non-random sampling technique. The instrument was a numeracy test that had been validated and tested for reliability, and the data were analyzed using ANOVA and effect size calculation. The results indicate that the mean numeracy score of the experimental group (M = 82.50) is higher than that of the control group (M = 70.94), with a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05). The effect size (Cohen’s d = 0.90) is categorized as large, indicating a strong practical significance of the observed difference. Therefore, the implementation of Project-Based Learning integrated with Design Thinking demonstrates a strong positive effect on students’ numeracy skills, supported by a large effect size.

References

Amaral, J. A. A. do, & Gamez, L. (2018). Exploring the synergistic effects of combining design thinking and project-based learning in a blended course. Journal of Applied Learning & Teaching, 1(1), 25–34. https://doi.org/10.37074/jalt.2023.6.2.21

Dewi, D. R. (2019). Pengembangan kurikulum di indonesia dalam menghadapi tuntutan abad ke-21. As Salam I, VIII(No.1), 1–22.

Dhini, D. A., Purnama, Kuswandi, Rafiadilla, J., & Novita, L. (2024). Efektivitas pembelajaran project based learning berbasis stem untuk. Seminar Nasional Pendidikan Dasar, 208–219.

Dwijayanti, I., Nugroho, A. A., & Pratiwi, Y. I. (2020). Meta-analysis: effect of problem approach and inquiry approach toward students’ cathematical critical thinking skill over the past 4 years. Al-Jabar : Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika, 11(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.24042/ajpm.v11i1.4944

Fajri, N., S.Bachri, B., & Susarno, L. H. (2024). Model pembelajaran project based learning ( pjbl ) pada kurikulum merdeka belajar terhadap kemampuan literasi numerasi. Jurnal Kependidikan Media, 13(1), 59–70.

Fitrah, M., Sofroniou, A., Setiawan, C., Widihastuti, W., Yarmanetti, N., Jaya, M. P. S., Panuntun, J. G., Arfaton, A., Beteno, S., & Susianti, I. (2025). The impact of integrated project-based learning and flipped classroom on students’ computational thinking skills: embedded mixed methods. Education Sciences, 15(4), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci15040448

Hendrowati, T. Y., & Faelasofi, R. (2021). Numeracy and literacy skill in elementary school students: the utilization of kampus mengajar perintis program. Desimal: Jurnal Matematika, 4(3), 365–372. https://doi.org/10.24042/djm.v4i3.10462

Jatisunda, M. G., Suryadi, D., & Prabawanto, S. (2024). Enhancing mathematical problem-solving ability through project-based learning: a study of vocational high school student. Jurnal Elemen, 10(3), 711–727. https:/doi.org/10.29408/jel.v10i3.26244

Khonsa, N., Rizky Basuki, R., Rusmiyati, L., Rosyidi, U., & Takdir, M. (2024). Membangun pendidikan yang berkualitas: antara idealitas dan realitas. Journal on Education, 7(2), 8983–8997. https://doi.org/10.31004/joe.v7i2.7809

Lince, R., Rustam, R., & Ero, P. E. L. (2023). Evaluation and effects of steam-pbl on mathematics interest and numeracy skills on elementary school. Jurnal Riset Pendidikan Matematika, 10(2), 199–210. https://doi.org/10.21831/jrpm.v10i2.67251

Merita, & Widyasari, N. (2025). Effectiveness of elpsa learning model assisted by wordwall application in improving students numeracy literacy skills efektivitas model pembelajaran elpsa berbantuan aplikasi wordwall dalam meningkatkan kemampuan literasi numerasi siswa. Al-Khwarizmi: Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika Dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, 13(2), 101–116.

Mia Rarasyanti, Lucky Auliya Habsari, Hibbah Tukhfatul Aliyyah, Dinda Asmara Roro Pambayun, Siti Hajar Khoirunnisak, Nia Kusstianti, & Kukus Mimbarwati. (2025). Penerapan model project based learning dalam meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis dan kreativitas pada mata pelajaran sanggul malam peserta didik di smkn 8 surabaya. Jurnal Sosial Humaniora Dan Pendidikan, 4(2), 119–126. https://doi.org/10.55606/inovasi.v4i2.3997

Munthe, A. P. B., Andini, R. T., Humayra, L., & Harahap, M. R. H. (2023). Analisis kesulitan siswa sma terhadap materi statistika. Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika, 4(1), 54–61.

Nugroho, A. A., Dwijayanti, I., & Atmoko, P. Y. (2020). Pengaruh model pembelajaran berbasis penemuan dan lingkungan terhadap kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika melalui meta analisis. AKSIOMA: Jurnal Program Studi Pendidikan Matematika, 9(1), 147–157. https://doi.org/10.24127/ajpm.v9i1.2659

OECD. (2025). From data to skills policy : how the survey of adult skills supports policymaking from data to skills policy : how the survey of adult skills supports policymaking.

Owÿyeong, Y. K., Yeter, I. H., & Ali, F. (2023). Pembelajaran ilmu data dalam matematika sekolah dasar : analisis kurikulum komparatif. Jurnal Internasionall Jurnal Internasional Pendidikan STEM, 10, 8. https://doi.org/ 10.1186/s40594-023-00397-9

Panjaitan, E., Pradwita, F. A., Hapukh, K., Sitompul, R. M. B., Rambe, T., Hany, D., Sitepu, F., Binjai, B., & Info, A. (2024). The implementation of project based learning to improve students’ numeracy at sdn 028227 binjai selatan. Linguistik Terapan, 21(3), 136–146. https://doi.org/10.24114/lt.v21i3.64888

Rosanti, Satriawati, G., & Putri, F. M. (2025). Model pembelajaran project-based learning terhadap kemampuan representasi matematis siswa materi statistika pendahuluan. Jurnal Inovasi Pembelajaran Matematika: PowerMathEdu (PME), 04(02), 435–448. https://doi.org/10.31980/pme.v4i2.2891

Sahila, L., Supratman, M., & Rahmawati, H. (2025). Efektivitas model pembelajaran project based learning dalam meningkatkan kreativitas dan kemampuan numerasi siswa effectiveness of project based learning model in improving students ’ creativity and numeracy. TIRAI EDUKASI, 8(1), 399–402.

Saputri, L., & Mardiati. (2025). Desain penelitian quasi eksperimen dalam penelitian pendidikan : kajian pustaka. Jurnal Serunai Matematika, 17(2), 78–79.

Sugiyono. (2020). Metode penelitian kualitatif kuantitatif dan r&d.

Sulistiyorini, S., Dwijayanti, I., & Muhtarom. (2025). Design thinking in minimum competency assessment: its effect on vocational students numeracy skills. Kontinu: Jurnal Penelitian Didaktik Matematika, 9(2), 167. https://doi.org/10.30659/kontinu.9.2.167-189

Tyaningsih, R. Y., Kamarudin, Nurlailah, Pahlevi, R., Utama, R. S. P., & Fitriana, F. N. (2023). Efektivitas model project-based learning dalam meningkatkan kemampuan literasi numerasi siswa melalui praktik lesson study di sekolah. Mandalika Mathematics and Educations Journal, 5(2), 243–252. http://dx.doi.org/10.29303/jm.v5i2.6347

Wijaya, T. T., Hidayat, W., Hermita, N., Alim, J. A., & Talib, C. A. (2024). Exploring contributing factors to pisa 2022 mathematics achievement: insights from indonesian teachers. Infinity Journal, 13(1), 139–156. https://doi.org/10.22460/infinity.v13i1.p139-156

Wijnia, L., Noordzij, G., Arends, L. R., Rikers, R. M. J. P., & Loyens, S. M. M. (2024). The effects of problem-based, project-based, and case-based learning on students’ motivation: a meta-analysis. In Educational Psychology Review (Vol. 36, Issue 1). Springer US. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10648-024-09864-3

Yu, Q., Yu, K., & Lin, R. (2024). A meta-analysis of the effects of design thinking on student learning. Humanities and Social Sciences Communications, 11(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-024-03237-5

Zhang, L., & Ma, Y. (2023). A study of the impact of project-based learning on student learning effects: a meta-analysis study. Frontiers in Psychology, 14(July), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1202728

Downloads

Published

2026-04-16

Issue

Vol. 9 No. 1 (2026): Journal of Mathematics Education and Science

Section

Articles

Categories

License

Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of Mathematics Education and Science

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:

  1. Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
  2. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
  3. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) before and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work
Abstract View: 18, PDF Download: 8